The World Turned Upside Down: A History of the Chinese Cultural Revolution （杨继绳：天地翻覆） CCP tones and tints unique to

tones and tints unique to the Japanese arts

Author Hal Gold draws upon a wealth of sources to construct a portrait of the Imperial Japanese Army's most notorious medical unit

most of them civilians

关于正当防卫，道理当然是对的，问题是怎样操作，怎样实践呢？问题是，在民众不具备足以自卫的手段这一客观条件下，民众该怎样对待专制当局？这就联系到整个非暴力抗争的问题了。由于“六四”屠杀造成了严重的恐惧效应，许多人对非暴力抗争失去信心。有人以为，一旦人们认识到非暴力抗争此路不通，他们就会转而投身暴力抗争。其实不然。因为从事暴力抗争意味着你死我活，孤注一掷，除去少数勇猛者外，多数人在苟且可以偷生的情况下是不大会参加暴力抗争的；再说，在今天的物质条件下，军人与非军人，武器与非武器的区别已经十分巨大，这就使得纯粹由民众方面发动的暴力抗争几乎没有获胜的可能。问题不在於人们是否拥有武装自卫或暴力革命的权利，主要问题是人们是否拥有相应的手段。我们之所以强调非暴力抗争，不仅仅因为非暴力抗争在道义上更可取，而且也因为非暴力抗争在现实中更可行。如果民众失去了对非暴力抗争的信念，从而放弃了采用非暴力的方式展开抗争，实际上他们就是放弃了现实可行的抗争手段，到头来也就是放弃了抗争本身。

The World Turned Upside Down: A History of the Chinese Cultural Revolution （杨继绳：天地翻覆） CCP tones and tints unique toAs a major political event and a crucial turning point in the history of the People's Republic of China, the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966 1976) marked the zenith as well as the nadir of Mao Zedong's ultra leftist politics. Reacting in part to the Soviet Union's "revisionism" that he regarded as a threat to the future of socialism, Mao mobilized the masses in a battle against what he called "bourgeois" forces within the Chinese Communist