Weight of evidence: Overall evidence is Low-Moderate: multiple animal studies and a growing number of small clinical trials suggest benefits across gutbrain signaling, social and behavioral domains, gastrointestinal symptoms, and neurophysiological patterns, yet most human studies rely on caregiver-reported outcomes, lack biomarker integration, and seldom control for diet, comorbidities, or baseline microbiome composition
Curcumin attenuates indomethacin-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction
In agreement with this, the study that identified apigenin as an inhibitor of IL-4 and IL-13 production by highly purified peripheral human basophils, the authors identified luteolin as a potential modulator of allergic disease onset or symptom management [143]
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